Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS)
Atomic absorption spectroscopy is a precise analytical technique. It is used for the quantification of metals present in the analyte. It is one of the [...]
Antoine Lavoisier: The Father of Modern Chemistry
Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (1743-1794) was a French chemist and a leading figure in the 18th-century chemical revolution. He is one of the paragons of science and [...]
Empirical and Molecular Formula: Differences and Conversions
An empirical formula gives the simplest or reduced ratios (whole numbers) of atoms present in a compound. Whereas, a molecular formula tells the total number [...]
How to Find Normality (N)
Normality is one of the concentration units of solutions in stoichiometry. It is defined as the gram equivalents of solute, dissolved per liter of a [...]
Molarity vs. Molality: Which One to Prefer?
Molarity and molality both measure the concentration of solutions. Molarity (M) is the measure of moles of solute per liter of solution. Whereas molality (m) [...]
Chemical Indicators: The Science Behind Color Changes
Chemical indicators are organic substances that are used to determine the endpoint. Indicators are generally weak acids or weak bases. Indicators change their colors at [...]
Recrystallization: Types, Procedure, Applications
Recrystallization is a separation technique used to separate compounds based on their different solubilities at different temperatures. Usually, recrystallization is used to separate compounds with [...]
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (AES)
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used for the quantification of metal atoms by measuring the intensity of light emitted by the atoms [...]
Endpoint vs. Equivalence point: What’s the Main Difference?
Endpoint and equivalence points are often confused. Both are important stages of any titration experiment and have many differences. Like other titration terms such as [...]
Rf values: Definition, Calculation and Explanation
Retardation or retention factor (Rf) value is the ratio of distance traveled by the analyte to that of the solvent front on a chromatogram. The [...]
