Hydrogen Bond: Types, Strength, Effects & Examples
A hydrogen bond is an intermolecular force of attraction between two molecules. It is weaker than covalent and ionic bonds. However, stronger than van der [...]
Capillary Action: Explanation, Derivation, Examples
Capillary action is the movement of liquid in the upward direction with the solid surface. This is caused by the attraction between the molecules of [...]
Fractional Distillation: Uses, Working, and Apparatus
Fractional distillation is a type of distillation. In general, distillation is a process in which liquid is heated to its boiling point. As result, vapors [...]
Supercritical fluid: Properties, Uses and Phase Diagram
A supercritical fluid (SCF) is a state of matter of a substance in which the temperature and pressure are above the critical point, resulting in [...]
Osmotic Pressure: Determination and Applications
Osmotic pressure is one of the colligative properties of the solution. If two solutions at different concentrations are separated by a semi-permeable membrane, it allows [...]
Properties of Solid, Liquid, Gases: A Comparison
Everything that occupies space and has some weight is called matter. There are four states of matter that are; solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. However, [...]
Physical and Chemical Properties of Water
Water is the most abundant chemical substance in the universe. It is vital for all living things and the main constituent of the earth’s hydrosphere. [...]
Photochemical Smog: Formation, Effects, and Reduction
Photochemical smog is a mixture of smoke, fog, and contaminants. It is formed when ozone-depleting substances such as nitrogen oxides, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), and volatile organic [...]
Graham’s Law: Diffusion-Effusion and Its Applications
Diffusion is the random movement of particles from a higher concentration region to an area of lower concentration. Graham's law of diffusion states that the [...]
Factors Affecting Solubility
Solubility is the physical property of a substance. It is defined as the grams of solute dissolved per 100 ml of solvent. The solubility of [...]
